The Moon is Down :: essays research papers

All through known history the arrangement of majority rule government is by all accounts the most simply, the most intelligent and the most attractive of every single decision framework. Its capacity to acclimate to changing occasions is just one purpose behind its determination. In John Steinbeck’s The Moon is Down, this sturdiness is shown through the townspeople drove by Mayor Orden, under the harsh impact points of their heros.      One of the most evident instances of democracy’s continuance is the opposition shown by the townspeople against their intruders. The persecution and attack of the vanquishers stimulate, rather than pulverize, the craving in the crushed for opportunity. These individuals, who have lived with the possibility of a free standard of majority rule government, decline to be bound under the severe guideline of the vanquishers. It is therefore that they strike back at their trespassers. As said by Mayor Orden to Colonel Lanser of the aggressors, â€Å" ‘The individuals don’t like to be vanquished, sir, thus they won't be. Free men can't begin a war, however once it is begun, they can battle on tragically. Crowd men, supporters of a pioneer, can't do that, thus it is consistently the group men who win fights and the free men who win wars.’ † [pp. 185-186] Thus, it is a result of their opportunity that individuals having faith in the free guideli ne of majority rule government don't let down and kick the bucket when vanquished, don't acknowledge their being burglarized of their privileges, and battle against what is shamefully done to them.      The townspeople battle on once more, maybe with significantly more purpose, after the execution of Alex Morden, rather than their spirits being squashed, similar to the goal. The whole motivation behind Alex Morden’s open execution was to deter potential upstarts, yet the outcome was the specific inverse of what was wanted. The open showcase just enabled the townspeople’s resolve to retaliate. To place it in Mayor Orden’s words, â€Å" ‘Our individuals are attacked, yet I don’t think they’re conquered.’ † [p 139] Consequently, these individuals will not be put down, and, when confronted with circumstances like Alex’s passing, are not stopped yet proceed with fortified purpose.      While obstruction is one part of democracy’s perseverance, assurance is another ground-breaking capacity it has, as it is appeared in the Anders boys’ getaway to Britain for help. On account of their staggering want for opportunity, the townspeople were willing to, and tried, anything conceivable to oppose their intruders.

Write a paper on text from Emile Durkheim's Selected Writings Essay

Compose a paper on content from Emile Durkheim's Selected Writings - Essay Example The division of work basically, is the partition and specialization of work among individuals in the general public. By division, he implies that individuals decide to work as per their inclinations and capacity. Also, by specialization he implies the zone of work alloted to one either all alone or by any outside power. This division of work as indicated by Durkheim isn't a defeat of society; rather it really is a column that would make a deliberate society. This is what is named as Natural Solidarity in his own words. Social agreement comes basically from the division of work. It is described by a participation which is naturally created through the interest by every person of his own advantages. It does the trick that every individual sanctify himself to a unique capacity all together, by the power of occasions, to make himself solidary with others. Labor division among individuals truly causes our general public to run smooth without intruding on each other and keeps up appropriate request. We can unmistakably comprehend this from the accompanying theory by Durkheim: Along these lines, obviously the division of work is a positive one for advancement and to save social request. We as a whole endure as a result of the division of work and it tends to be all around clarified with a straightforward model as this, While shoemakers and craftsmen might be working fine, if ranchers quit working, everybody starves. On the off chance that the woodworkers quit, nobody has any safe house. In the event that the trash haulers don't appear, the boulevards become dumps and sicknesses spread. Durkheim saw that without each other in a profoundly particular society, nobody can endure. This relationship is the reason the division of work doesn't obliterate social request. I am citing another section to clarify the inquiry why division of work is vital and what effect does it have on the general public On the off chance that work turns out to be continuously separated as social orders become progressively voluminous and thick, it isn't on the grounds that outside conditions are increasingly shifted, but since battle for presence is increasingly intense. The citation itself gives a reasonable response to the inquiry. Our general public expands constantly and in the event that we as a whole decide to be on a similar street the outcome would be a gigantic disappointment and our reality will be shaken. This division of work permits us to proceed onward without upsetting the other and making our general public a dynamic one for our endurance. Life continues moving. It doesn't adhere to a specific spot or work. We have to adjust to the progressions that life brings and walk connected at the hip for our reality. This is the manner in which I comprehend the ramifications of division of work on us. Therefore, division of work causes us to search for a path and to make our life simpler just as well as an agreeable one. End To put it plainly, since the division of work turns into the main wellspring of social solidarity, it becomes, simultaneously, the establishment of the ethical request. I might want to close my paper with this section focuses on the requirement for the division of l

Frowning at Conformity Bradbury’s Growing Disillusionment in Freedom of Expression during the Cold War - Literature Essay Samples

After World War II, United States was growing in prosperity as a seeming winner of the war; yet, growing alongside of it, was an omnipresent fear and tension about technology and ideologythe summation of the oncoming Cold War. As a young writer in the midst of this mid-twentieth century panic between the Capitalistic U.S. and the Communist USSR regime, Ray Bradbury, like many others, communicated and protested the irrationality of the hidden war through a series of short stories and novels published at the time. Of those, The Martian Chronicles and Fahrenheit 451, published consecutively in 1950 and 1953, respectively, still remain the best received for their adventurous take on the American mass culture hysteria and the irrational policy passed by Congress during the Cold War. An episodic novel, The Martian Chronicles focuses on the American superiority and conformity complex through a series of independent short stories that follow the American conquer of Mars. It often hints at th e purification and destruction of ideas on Earth, aspects that are more fully explored in Fahrenheit 451. Well known for its extensive analogy of government censorship and mindless materialism, Fahrenheit 451 walks through the metamorphosis of a book-burning fireman as he realizes the necessity of the knowledge and thoughts produced from novels and stories. In both worlds, Bradbury emphasizes the process of conformityfirst, purification of public opinion to an ideology via mass appeal and majority pressure, and then, eradication of future differing opinions that might birth under the established purified society. However, Bradbury’s attitude on the process, as reflected by character analysis of the two novels, changes over time, growing grim as the Cold War movements escalated at the time of publication. Ray Douglas Bradbury was born in Waukegan, Illinois on August 22, 1920. Since he was young, Bradbury was known to have a future in liberal arts. As a lifelong devotee to drama literature, and poetry, he claimed that his major influences include Edgar Allan Poe, William Shakespeare, and later contemporaries such as Aldous Huxley. Bradbury often hinted and referenced the style and works of his favorite poets and writers to pay respect to their contribution to literary arts. Besides being a novelist, Bradbury was also a prominent playwright and screenwriter, occupations that were particularly targeted and harassed during the McCarthy Era. because of his experience with the Cold War reactionaries, Bradbury questioned the integrity of freedom of expression in his books. As exemplified by The Martian Chronicles and Fahrenheit 451both about American obsessive control of ideologyBradbury’s personal witness of his time influences and stands as important elements in his novels. As he st ated in an interview in 1980, the Cold War Era was arguably the mind-settling period for Bradbury’s criticism of government, when he â€Å"was warning people[when he] was preventing futures† (Hoskinson). To demonstrate his disapproval about the Cold War policies, Bradbury first embarks on extended symbolism of majority conformity in both of his novels. Through specific characterization, Bradbury presents the rivaling relationship between majority and minority, in which the former dominates the latter and purifies the public with mass appeal and pressure. In the two novels, the government’s justification for these conformity policies is the resulting harmony and happiness among the people; yet, as many critics has deciphered, the metaphors of these books represent the mirroring early Cold War policies that brought about narrow-mindedness in people and in terms, â€Å"Bradbury’s strong distrust of [those]‘majority-held’ views† (Hoskinson). Several of The Martian Chronicles episodes contain clashes between majority and minority that result from the effort to purify ideas; most significant of them all is â€Å"And the Moon Be Still as Bright†, originally published as an independent short story in 1948 (Hoskinson). In the story, Captain Wilder is the leader of the Fourth Expedition crew to Mars and in terms, the central figure of the majority. His identity as the will of the majority is highlighted when he is challenged by an outcast crew member, Spender, who, unlike the other colonizing crew members, wants to protect the lost Martian civilization. Wilder stands by his identity throughout the story whenever he converses with Spender; and later, he wins the battle with Spender, representing the success of the majority. Afterwards, Wilder acknowledges, but more ever, begins to doubt the majority: Who are we, anyway? The majority? Is that the answer? The majority is always holy, is it not? Always, always; just never wrong for one little insignificant tiny moment, is it?how the devil did I get caught in this rotten majority? (Bradbury, Chronicles, 95) In executing his responsibility to purify minority, Wilder himself becomes conflicted with, as Hoskinson puts it, â€Å"the issue of individuality vs. conformity.† By establishing the majority and furthermore, criticizing the majority through its own leader, Bradbury sculpts out the use and faults of majority pressure. Because of the publication chronology, themes of The Martian Chronicles, such as the one above, are often more fully explored in Fahrenheit 451. Whereas the majority-minority conflict is limited to each of Chronicles episodes, the idea of purification is the essence and is found throughout F451. Characters such as the wife of protagonist Guy Montag, Mildred, and Captain Beatty, represent the nature and features of a purified mind of the majority. Mildredwith her head filled with government-issued soap operas on â€Å"parlor walls†(Bradbury, F451, 130), her ears addicted to â€Å"electric ocean of sound† (Bradbury, F451, 10) for ten years, and her attention span lasting no more than a few secondsshe is the poster-woman of the materialistic and ignorant population. She even values the imaginary characters on TV more than her husband. When Montag asks her, â€Å"Will you turn the parlor off?† she refuses and replies, â€Å"That’s my family† (Bradbury, F451, 46). McGiveron points out that this kind of mindless behavior â€Å"is the result of the public’s active desire to avoid controversyin favor of easy gratification and, eventually, intellectual conformity.† Though he argues that the public majority is the cause of this purification, government policy certainly plays a part in spreading and maximizing conformity to mass appeals, thereby erasing controversy and solidifying harmony. Captain Beatty of the Fire Department understands this well. As an unusual intellectual who actually agrees with the government, Beatty, too, â€Å"just like[s] solid entertainment† (Bradbury, F451, 61); but he also emphasizes the need for a uniform public. â€Å"We must all be alike. Not everyone born free and equal, like the Constitution says, but everyone made equal† (Bradbury, F451, 55). However, by defining Beatty as the antagonist of the story (who is later burned to death by Montag), Bradbury shows his disapproval to Beatty’s ideas of conformity. In fact, the opposing intellectual character and the aid to Guy Montag, Faber, identifies Captain Beatty as â€Å"the most dangerous enemy to truth and freedom, the unmoving cattle of the majority† (Bradbury, F451, 104). Similar to Wilder, the majority representative in Chronicles, Beatty is antagonized because of his symbolic identity; however, it is important to note that Wilder of the early Bradbury publication is self-antagonized, and Beatty, from Bradbury’s later work, is deemed as enemy by another character, while he himself still believes in the absolute will of the majority. The intensification of the symbolic character’s belief in majority-held views through the publication years parallels the growth of McCarthy Movement (roughly 1950-1956) and U.S. government and public push for advance weaponry (caused by USSR becoming a nuclear power in 1949). This parallelism of literature to reality not only legitimizes the pret ense of Bradbury’s Cold War criticism, but also shows the evolution of Bradbury’s disillusion with government conformity policyfrom believing that it could change, to completely downcasting it as antagonistic to the people’s freedom. After the act purifying ideals and destroying any current opposition in society, Bradbury continues onto the next step of government policy to obtain peace—eliminating any future possibilities of different opinions so that the uniform ideology sustains. Bradbury already shows the eradication of opportunities to learn new ideas through the prominent book burning events in both of his novels, but he also demonstrate how government reacts to newly spurred ideas post-purification by introducing rebellious characters in his worlds. Furthermore, these rebels of different novels, though similar in their characterization, have different ending to their interactions with the governmental censorship. Standehl of The Martian Chronicles is targeted by government oppression for celebrating Edgar Allen Poe, but he is able to defeat censorship officials and continue his free expression; however, in the later publication of Fahrenheit 451, Clarisse, a delinquent who questions social ideology and structure, is killed for her behavior. The fact that Bradbury’s characterization of the end to these outlaws depresses over time indicates his growing pessimistic view on the consequence of free individual expression in the real American society of his time. In chapter â€Å"Usher II† of The Martian Chronicles, Bradbury already describes Earth as a conformed and closely censored world. Eminent and high-ranking people of society and government condemn books, fantasies and imagination; ordinary citizens are all â€Å"Clean-Minded† and believe â€Å"the Burning [of books] was a good thing† (Bradbury, Chronicles, 165). A censoring organization called the â€Å"Moral Climates† is established and is, at the time of the story, responsible to have the newly colonized Mars â€Å"as neat and tidy as Earth† (Bradbury, Chronicles, 166). In the midst of conformity, Standehl builds a horror house, â€Å"Usher II†, on Mars to celebrate Edgar Allen Poe, who described a house of the same name in one of his horror stories. This act, obviously against the societal establishment of prohibiting supernatural and imaginary books, leads to Standehl’s arrest by Garrett, an Investigator of the Moral Climates. Howev er, Standehl is not censored like most of the outlaws in Bradbury’s storieshe in fact tricks Garrett, and later, kills him along with all of the other â€Å"‘majority guests’ [to the House of Usher] with different approaches to murders seen in Poe’s stories† (Hoskinson). The fact that Standehl is able to not only maintain his freedom of expression in the form of exercising Poe’s fantasies, but also succeed in â€Å"paying back†¦the antiseptic government for its literary terrors and conflagration† (Bradbury, Chronicles, 170), demonstrates, what Hoskinson called, an individual’s unusual â€Å"sinister triumph over the majority.† More ever, in characterizing Standehl with such success, Bradbury shows hope in reforming his own government from its eradication policies of anti-communism. Yet, it is important to note that â€Å"Usher II† is originally published in 1950, when the â€Å"Second Red Scare† led by Joseph McCarthy was only solidifying its ground. By 1953, the year Fahrenheit 451 was published, the Anti-Communist crusade had reached its pinnacle with its arrests, allegations, and general harassments. In this later book, Bradbury gives a much graver portrayal of the outcome for outspoken outlaws. In Fahrenheit 451, Bradbury again constructs a world in which conformity is essential and opinions are criminal. Schools, starting earlier and earlier to muster complete brainwash of children’s minds, require their students to embrace and praise materialism and ignorance. As the new generation born completely surrounded with intense indoctrination, the seventeen year old Clarisse McClellan is a surprising outcast who still believes in questions and wonder. She criticizes that her classmates â€Å"name a lot of cars or swimming pools mostly and say how swell†¦but they all say the same things and nobody says anything different from anyone else† (Bradbury, F 451, 28). Instead of following that socially accepted behavior, Clarisse chooses to ask the why in protest and in tribute to the part of innate humanity that pursues individuality. Yet, even though her behavioral protest to the social doctrine is similar to Standehl’s rebellion against the established conde mnation of fantasy and books, she does not have the same glorious fate as Standehl. As Captain Beatty, the representative of the majority and the firm believer in the established structure of conformity, later explainsâ€Å"She was a time bomb. She didn’t want to know how a thing was done, but whyThe poor girl’s better off dead† (Bradbury, F 451, 58). And she is. The fatal end of Clarisse, most likely fabricated by Beatty and his majority bunch, â€Å"shows how intolerance for opposing ideas helps lead to the stifling of individual expression and hence of thought† (McGiveron). Yet this process contradicts the outcome of Standehl, as he is in the end victorious in the combat of individuality v. conformity. One may suspect this polarizing contrast of Clarisse’s fate from Standehl’s in confronting pre-established government regulation to be an error in Bradbury’s philosophy, but given the historical context, this in fact may be due to th e change of his philosophy. Chronicles is a collection of short stories Bradbury published in the years 1944-1950; since then, many issues that Bradbury addresses in Chronicles had changed, or escalated. When Fahrenheit 451 was published in 1953, the McCarthy movement was at its height when all opposing opinions seem to lead to accusations and outcasting. And not only was it a time for the Red Scare, it was also when people were just generally so focused on the absolute Americanism that they either oppressed or ignored any contradiction to their ideology. Such a change in social and political absolutism must have shifted Bradbury’s view on government tolerance to freedom of expression, from hopeful to grim. Many critics claim that The Martian Chronicles and Fahrenheit 451 contain prophetic interpretation of the future. Yet, while the imagination that Bradbury shows within his stories indicates that he has the capacity to predict the future, the act of doing so requires an active willingness to see the unknown. Bradbury’s attitude in his books suggests a more depressing and passive incentive. Through his increasingly bleak portrayal of characters that manifests the different sides of government’s combat to conformity, Bradbury expresses his evolving disillusionment with the future of freedom of expression and government tolerance of it. The fact that Bradbury does not focus on the practicality of his worlds, such as Mars having sustainable air for people to live on and children learning about materialistic trivia for school, rules out his incentive to prophesize. Instead, Bradbury intends to evoke the similar grim emotion in his readers so that they can understand and take caution in their response to conformity. As he declared in his 1980 interview and his discussion with the Los Angeles Times thirty years later, â€Å"I’m not a futurist. People ask me to predict the future, while all I want to do is prevent it.† Works Cited Bradbury, Ray. Fahrenheit 451. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2012. Print. Bradbury, Ray. The Martian Chronicles. New York: Harper Perennial, 2011. Print. George, Lynell. Ray Bradbury Dies at 91; Author Lifted Fantasy to Literary Heights. Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 06 June 2012. Web. 16 May 2013. McGiveron, Rafeeq O. What Carried the Trick? Mass Exploitation and the Decline of Thought in Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451. Extrapolation 37.3 (Fall 1996): 245-256. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Jeffrey W. Hunter. Vol. 235. Detroit: Gale, 2007. Literature Resource Center. Web. December 2012. Hoskinson, Kevin. The Martian Chronicles and Fahrenheit 451: Ray Bradburys Cold War Novels. Extrapolation 36.4 (Winter 1995): 345-359. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Jeffrey W. Hunter. Vol. 235. Detroit: Gale, 2007. Literature Resource Center. Web. January 2013. Ray Douglas Bradbury. 2013. The Biography Channel website. December 2012. http://www.biography.com/people/ray-bradbury-9223240.

The And Native American Populations - 931 Words

From a European stand point, altering the lives of the Native Americans was a perfectly justifiable action. They were uncivilized, and thus must be welcoming of their attempts to convert them to a more advanced manner of living. At the same time, however, they must have notions of owning land, of claiming sections of the Earth as their own, of trade and association of certain objects with high value. This, however, was a paradoxical viewpoint. The main problem that resulted from the intermixing of European and Native American populations was a misunderstanding of what each culture maintained as important within their lives. To the natives, mourning wars, gods who were part of the Earth itself, sacrifices, and any other number of various traditions were natural to who they were. The Europeans, in contrast, valued war as a means of gaining territory, not people; they often were monotheistic, with odd customs all their own, such as self-torture or confession. The differences between the two cultures could have been overcome, perhaps, if there had been some attempt to understand one another’s values. However, as evidenced, Europeans did not attempt to understand without an ultimate aspiration to change. One of the defining aspects that shaped Native American life after exposure to the Europeans was the disease they brought along with them. In The Jesuit Relations, as well as in other readings, the fathers explained this illness as a sort of cleansing designed by God. TheyShow MoreRelatedThe Death Of The Native American Population1470 Words   |  6 PagesSuicide in the Native American Population of the Northeastern United States While the Native American population encounters many health disparities; of growing concern, is the rates of suicide among these communities. 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This population decline ended a long period of demographic stability (Fallon et. al.). Research is currently being performed to quantify the consequences of European contact with Native Americans. A study

Control Room by Jehane Noujaim - 851 Words

Media Propaganda The film, Control Room by Jehane Noujaim, is a very tragic film that occurred between the Middle East and the United States. Control Room seems to assert the possibility that though we my see many pictures and videos of an event, we may nevertheless not be getting a complete picture. In my opinion, I believe that pictures can lie because photos can be manipulated, media picks and chose what to show, and use false hopes and lies to cheer on their country. The war between Middle East and the United States brought many tears and destroyed many people’s lives. The media captured details and pictures from destroyed homes to many people dying. In the film, it showed an example of a house after it had been bombed. The lady was crying fiercely states, â€Å"Are were happy now! Look I have nowhere to live. Are you happy, are you happy!† She had nowhere to stay with her kids. Shots of bombs raining down on Baghdad and tanks driving through the desert had beco me familiar TV show for Iraq War. AlJazeera showed footages of the U.S. walking around with military and breaking house doors down to get in. Yegekyan 2 The film showed examples to US torturing people to get on the ground and to obey their every rule. Kids were killed and so were majority of the people. The bombing also caused lot of deaths. People were anxious and scared because they never knew when the bomb was going to explode. The results showed after the bombing was touching. Kids and adults were allShow MoreRelated An Investigation into the Portrayal or Truth Within the Documentary Genre1896 Words   |  8 Pagesbreaks down the journalistic process to discover its roots, and perhaps quite alarmingly, its lack of. What have often been described as trusted establishments, dating back countless generations or even centuries are exposed as mass instruments of control. The book could be described as an investigation, as journalist Nick Davies interviews various other journalists and documentarians, asking them hard hitting questions about their craft and its downfalls, in an effort to uncover what he describesRead MoreTh e Importance Of A Shared Identity Between Sovereign And The People Essay1757 Words   |  8 Pages the context of religious globalization against neoliberal schools of thought. On another side of the socio-political spectrum, Al Jazeera, a leading Arab news channel, also provides a polemical view of war. As director Jehane Noujaim explains in his documentary â€Å"The Control Room†, Al Jazeera appeals to the anti-American sentiment among their Arab viewers by displaying casualties from American airstrikes predominantly. The media publications of radical groups, such as the Taliban and Islamic State

Buhos free essay sample

Buhos – a documentary about climate change produced and presented by Senator Loren Legarda at the Cinema 3 of SM Mall of Asia September 13, 2010 was cited as a significant contribution in educating the entire nation on the devastating impact of climate change and global warming to our country. It had to take Ondoy, Pepeng and Basyang for us to realize that climate change is not just a scientific and environmental issue, but an all encompassing threat to our basic human rights – food, potable water, shelter, decent livelihood and life itself, the Chair of the Senate Committee on Climate Change told the theatre full guests from the diplomatic corps, academe, student leaders, environmentalists, NGOs and local government officials. Legarda who grew up in flood prone Malabon, made the worsening flood situation central to the theme of her new documentary on climate change, entitled Buhos (Downpour). The senator collaborated with acclaimed Filipino filmmaker and 2009 Cannes best director Brillante Mendoza, who lent artistic credence to produce a visually interesting, informative, and most importantly, moving documentary. We will write a custom essay sample on Buhos or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Buhos successfully demystifies global warming by bringing it down to the level of day-to-day living, offering easy to understand scientific explanations of greenhouse gases and climate change, as well as realistic ways of addressing this clear and present danger, in the context of Filipino living. As chairperson of the Senate Standing and Oversight Committees on Climate Change, Senator Legarda principally authored and sponsored landmark environmental laws—the Climate Change Act of 2009, the Environmental Awareness Education Act, the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act and the Clean Air Act, among others. Legarda, a UNEP laureate for environment and United Nations champion for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation for Asia and the Pacific, has been the voice of climate-vulnerable nations like the Philippines and has called for climate justice for developing countries in various international fora. Beyond her call of duty, Legarda runs a nationwide awareness and education campaign on climate change. She produced the docu-drama Ulan sa Tag-araw, childrens animation movie Ligtas Likas, and a United Nations documentary Now is the Time. Legarda implements an extensive tree planting program through Luntiang Pilipinas and mobilizes humanitarian aid to disaster-affected and poverty-stricken communities through Lingkod Loren. Last year, she reached out to thousands of families left homeless by typhoons Ondoy and Pepeng through her missions. Buhos was launched with the support of SM Cinema and will have additional special screenings in select theatres, schools and universities in the coming months.

The Secret in Their Eyes

History usually forces itself into the present in Juan Jose Campanella’s film â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes†. Set in 2009, the film is an attempted memorization of the violent 1970s Argentina, an era in which the country was fast sinking into military rulership. The director offers flashbacks into Argentina’s dark days, days when violence murder, rape and false general injustices ruled.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret in Their Eyes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through memory, the director presents a period in which it was impossible to be an innocent person in this country as the innocent were falsely accused, tortured and even murdered for crimes they never committed, all these for the whims of those in power. Even though the movie is set in 1970s it is barely about events that happened then. However, through memory Campanella is able to portray an almost exact image of what happened in 1970s Argentina. Memory is a tool through which Campanella attempts to reveal the dark days in Argentina’s political past. The movie is set in the 1970s Argentina a period in which the country was fast sliding into military rule, despite there having been a democratically elected president in Mr. Perà ³n[1]. Through memory, the film becomes a political narrative of the terrible violence, murder rape and other forms of injustices associated with military rule. â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes† is particularly important as it is among the fewest forms of art, including existing literature that peeks into the Argentina’s dark past. Within this movie the horrors and mysteries of the military rule are captured effectively in the unsolved murder of â€Å"the woman.† Campanella uses the murder of the woman in a symbolic way. First, the investigation of the murder goes from one obstacle to another, mostly through a jaundiced judicial system, that is ak in to military justice, where crime is committed and covered to protect those in power. Through Benjamin the investigator, Campanella employs the use of memory as the woman, who Benjamin encountered years back, is now part of his (Benjamin’s) imagination[2]. Through memory, the audience is able to peek into Benjamin’s past fantasies and the Argentina’s dark past. As such this film becomes a point of clarification about Argentina’s infamous past[3]. There are other events in the film that offers a glimpse into some of the characters past. One of the themes of this film is conceit, a sense of the vanity of personal pleasures and justifications especially seen in Benjamin’s intentions. Benjamin has a romantic relationship with Irene, a conceitous woman. However, this relationship is founded on many obscurities and soon dissipates and fades fast into the back of his memory.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help y ou! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This affair takes the audience into Benjamin memory and into his past to a time when he encountered the dead woman in her home, her naked body decoratively arranged. This lead Benjamin to fall in love with her image, an image he is not able to remove from his memory. As such Campanella uses Benjamin’s memory to take the audience back into 1970s Argentina’s. Memory this exhumes some basic truths about the past[4] The ending of the story is an attempt to make the film have a happy ending and offer literary relief. This is captured by the discovery that Mr Colotto, the husband of the murdered women had actually captured the woman murderer and kept him in his house for 25 years. This discovery depicts two things about Argentina’s in famous 1970s. One that military rule is founded on instant justice. Mr Colotto’s kidnapping of the murderer is seen as sense of instant justice. Secondly, it also mirrors t he lack of justice during this period of Argentina’s past[5] The fact that the Argentina’s government cold not investigates the murder effectively portrays an unjust military rule. But it is the act of keeping the murderer captive by Mr Colotto that Campanella’s use of memory comes to the fore. By keeping the murderer captive for such along time, Mr. Colotto is imprisoned in his past. This portrays Mr Colotto as unable to get over his wife’s murder and as such his wife, and her murder, still lives in his memory. To protect his prisoner, Mr Colotto has to literary camp in his house, not able to leave for long periods. This is also a depiction that he has been unable to get out of his past. Furthermore, Mr Colotto actions are not a portrayal of his sadistic tendencies but how the Argentine government failed to provide justice. Through Mr Colotto’s memory, Argentina’s dark past is revealed. Thus memory becomes a tool, through which the past is made relevant[6] The film uses instances of flashback to reveal what happened in Argentina in the 1970s. As such most of what â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes† depicts about that period in Argentina’s history is borrowed from memory. In this film, the influence of memory is captured through certain important events, characters as well as their imagination. Because these historical events are narrated from memory, they indicate passage of time and as such underline the social political transition that this country has undergone. Bibliography Cixous, Hà ©là ¨ne. Rootprints: Memory and Life Writing. New York: Routledge, 1997.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Secret in Their Eyes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. London: Verso, 2000. Losada, Matt; â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes: Historical Memory, Production Models, and the Foreign Fil m Oscar†, Cineaste, XXXVI, (1) 2010. Footnotes King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. (London: Verso, 2000) 39 Matt Losada.â€Å"The Secret in Their Eyes: Historical Memory, Production Models, and the Foreign Film Oscar,† Cineaste, Vol. XXXVI, No. 1, 2010 King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. (London: Verso, 2000) 39 Hà ©là ¨ne Cixous, Rootprints: Memory and Life Writing. (New York: Routledge. 1997) 120 King, John. Magical reels: a history of cinema in Latin America. (London: Verso, 2000) 39 Hà ©là ¨ne Cixous, Rootprints: Memory and Life Writing. (New York: Routledge. 1997) 124 This essay on The Secret in Their Eyes was written and submitted by user Kathleen Watts to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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base of social work essays

base of social work essays Practice methods that correspond to the levels of Practice are: 1. Micro level of practice- direct practice/service delivered directly to clients (face to face and minimal administrative work. 2. Mezzo level of practice- indirect practice involving administration/leadership roles enabling effective delivery of services. Organizational and Public Relations Monitoring for Improvement of Productivity 3. Macro level of practice- involves the processes of Social Planning and Community Organization Professional Change Agents who assist Comm. Action Systems composed of individuals, groups or Organizations deal with social problems Program planning and development, working with governmental agents and Comm. 4. Research- driving force behind rigorous advancement of knowledge 1. People are capable of making their own change; they have free will 2. Assist people maximize their potential and independence 3. Change environmental influences that adversely impact clients 4. Increase understanding that behavior is purposive and goal directed and this is not readily discernible. 5. People are capable of learning new behaviors 6. Most difficulties can be resolved by focusing on present choices and mobilizing their strengths 7. Increasing people's knowledge and learning new skills produces self growth in the process 8. Utilize strategies that motivate people to implement changes in various types of systems 9. Life's crises represent opportunities for growth and mastery is a source of strain in life 10. People need self-affirmation and self-esteem. Many conflicts are indirect expression of feelings of low self-esteem. 11. Human growth occurs in the context of relationships with other people 12. We model for others open authentic relationship skills/behaviors 13. Increase responsiveness to the needs of others 14. Live in the reality of the present motivates people to exercise...

Juvenile Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Juvenile Justice - Essay Example As a result it is at times difficult to understand the need for additional programs which are labeled as promising programs. These programs do not have the established record of delinquency prevention that the model programs do and must rely on data that is not always based in success but in the potential for success. The National Gang Center defines a promising program as the following. â€Å"Level 3 programs display a strong theoretical base and have been demonstrated to prevent delinquency and other child and youthful problems or to reduce risk factors or enhance protective factors using limited research methods (with at least single-group pretreatment and post treatment measurements). The programs in this category appear promising but must be confirmed using more rigorous scientific techniques. The main reason is that a control group is not required in the research design.† (Programs) Some of the available programs range from community based rehabilitation programs to prev ention based educational programs. The benefits of working programs are readily quantifiable however; they still must be proven to become model programs for future approaches. The process by which programs become model programs can be plagued with research problems as each researcher tends to have varying views as to what works and what does not.

The Evolution of Juvenile Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Evolution of Juvenile Justice - Essay Example Progressive era reforms had major contributions in the framing of the modern juvenile justice system. In the period from 1900- 1920s the nation witnessed various campaigns including suffrage movement, and campaign against child labor. Laborers fought for their rights and demanded eight-hour workday. Before the progressive era, children who commit crime were also imprisoned like adults. Child offenders were punished like adults. However, the voice of social and political reformers demanded a change in the society’s views about minor offenders. The psychologists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries who came up with new psychological theories cried against the hard punishment given for minor offenders. Reformers wanted a change in society’s views on juvenile delinquents. They put the idea of rehabilitating children offenders rather than punishing them like adults. In 1824 reformers set up the New York House of Refuge. Juveniles who commit crime were placed in the juv enile homes instead of adult jails. By 1899, individual states began considering the problem of youth incarceration and setting up youth reform homes. These reforms initiated the notion of juvenile justice system. These early changes were because of the conviction that society should not abandon young offenders, but should recover their lives by redirecting them in a different way. Keeping offenders in reform houses helped them severe their relationship with the world of crime. The juvenile justice system is rooted in this very concept of rehabilitation of young criminals. The juvenile justice system began acquiring the authority of a parent. The state takes the responsibility as a parent and keeps the children with them until they show some positive changes or grow up as adults. Youth were not treated as adults. The cases involving youths were considered in a special informal court meant for juveniles. The procedure did not include the assistance of attorneys. Extenuating evidence, beyond the legal elements related to the crime was considered by the judge. These initiatives paved the way for the current juvenile justice system. In the year 1967 a decision by the Supreme Court confirmed the need of juvenile courts to consider the law rights of minors in the court proceedings. The decision was caused by a case that involves a juvenile. The court’s decision was to confine Gerald Gault, the juvenile who was accused of making an obscene call, when being under probation. According to the Arizona juvenile court, the minor should be placed in the State Industrial School till he turns 21. He should otherwise be discharged by law. However, the Supreme Court decision came up with the rights of minors. According to the Supreme Court, the minor has the right to get notice of charges and receive proper legal counsel. The minor holds the right for confrontation and cross-examination. Furthermore, he has the privilege against self-incrimination. The minor can rightful ly get a transcript of the court proceedings and take an appellate review. The dissenting party however came up with the idea that the courts decision would only take the case to a criminal prosecution. According to them, the minor’s case should be done as per the original goal of the juvenile justice system. The juvenile justice system is not intended to prosecute and punish minors who commit crimes. The system rather recommends correcting them. This is the society’

Research Balfour Beatty plc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Balfour Beatty plc - Essay Example In the year 2002,civil engineering accounted for almost 38%, building services 35,and rail engineering 27% of the total profits acquired by the organization. (Corporate Watch, 2006) Balfour Beatty, founded by George Balfour and Andrew Beatty, mechanical engineer and a charted accountant by professions respectively was initially into making streetcar lines. However, the world war –II brought the construction of streetcar lines to a halt and brought about a stalemate situation in the company. A landmark decision was taken at that point of time to expand into the civil construction arena. Balfour Beatty also played an instrumental role in the early 1920s in managing various power corporations across Great Britain into construction of a common â€Å"grid† in Britain. Balfour Beatty was acquired by BICC, a cabling company in the year 1969.Balfour Beatty was a subsidiary and accounted for more than half of BICC’s revenues. In 1999, BICC’s cabling operations were at a sagging low and the company decided to divest their cable operations. In the year 2000, BICC changed its name to Balfour Beatty plc.

Magic Johnson Essay -- essays research papers fc

The L.A. Lakers in the 1980’s were a basketball powerhouse with household names such as James Worthy, Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Kurt Rambis who would doubt it. They had class and displayed it on the court. Kareem could pull up for his patented sky hook, they could dish to Worthy for the dunk and Rambis could pull down a rebound, but without a certain Magic there would be no showtime in L.A. A certain young player who had it all, a flashy smile and a great no look pass. That certain player was a true point guard, Earvin Johnson Jr. There are five magic parts to Earvin Johnson Jr.’s life. On August 14, 1959 in Lansing, Michigan, Christine and Earvin Johnson gave birth to their third child, a beautiful baby boy named Earvin Jr. Earvin Jr. was born into the middle of a family of seven children. Quincy, Larry and Pearl were older and Kim and the twins, Evelyn and Yvonne were younger. This whole family squeezed into three small bedrooms and one bathroom. "The place turned into a real madhouse before school every morning, when we all lined up to use the bathroom. You learned to be quick." said Earvin once. (Johnson, p.4) Both of Earvin’s parents played high school basketball. Earvin played basketball a bunch with his older brother Larry. (Brenner, p.44) Earvin would wake up early and play basketball before school started. "People thought I was crazy," Earvin remembered. "It would be seven-thirty and they’d be going to work and say, ‘There’s that crazy June Bug, hoopin’." (Lovitt, p.5) June bug was what man y people called him, but his parents called him Junior and his friends called him E.J. (Johnson, p.4) When it snowed Earvin would go out and shovel the court. Earvin meet Jay Vincent, a child the same age of Earvin, who displayed the same love for basketball. The two became best friends. (Brenner, p.44) Earvin was suppose to go to Sexton High, but since of busing Earvin was forced to go to Everett a mostly white school. The Lansing School Board had to bus some kids to Everett to mix the races and to stop the growth at Sexton. Earvin lived a half of a mile away from Sexton and a mile and a half away from Everett. Pearl and Larry hated Everett and Larry was always in fights. The only Johnson who didn’t have to go to Everett was Quincy who was already in high school when the board made it... ...discusses safe sex. Earvin Johnson Jr. has had five magic parts in his life. Earvin is and always be a great role model. He is so classy on and off the court. His fun loving attitude is a great example of what we all should be. His courage to speak out and help others deal with AIDS and HIV is amazing. From June Bug to Magic, Earvin Johnson Jr. will always be a great man. Bibliography Brenner, Richard J. Jordan*Johnson. New York: East End Publishing, 1989 Haskins, James. Sports Great Magic Johnson Revised and Expanded. Springfield:Enslow Publishers, Inc., 1992 Lovitt, Chip. Magic Johnson. New York: Scholastic Inc., 1991 Johnson, Earvin "Magic." My Life. New York: Random House, Inc., 1992 The Fifty Greatest Players in NBA History: Magic Johnson. www.nba.com/. NBA Properties, Inc., 1996 *Reader these next two documents were not used in the product, but are good resources of information. "Johnson, Magic." World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia Standard Edition. Chicago: World Book, Inc., 1997 "Magic Johnson." www.caphis.usc.edu/~yungkail/magic.html

Physical & Chemical Properties

Physical and Chemical Properties Pre Lab Questions: (4pts. ) 1. What are the learning goals of this experiment? The goals are to investigate the chemical properties of pure chemical substance and to investigate the physical properties of pure substances. 2. Write two examples each of physical and chemical properties. Physical –Color, Odor, hardness, density, melting point, boiling point Chemical- heat of combustion, reactivity, ph, 3. What happens if you heat a solution of chemicals in test tube facing towards you?How would you avoid inhalation of chemical vapor during heating in a test tube? It could splat on face and burn you. The best way to avoid inhaling vapor is to either where a mast or don’t breathe directly in the vapors while the substances is burning. 4. How would you take care of itching eyelids or body parts caused by the contamination of 6M HCl? Wash your eyes with cold water immediately and if get any worse call 911. Date:______10/28/12___________________ _ Name:____Daniel Asonye _____________________ . Title: Physical and Chemical Properties 2. Procedure: (3pts. ) 1. The first thing that must be done is to half fill one well of 24-well plate with 6M HCL and half filled a second well of the 24-well plate with 6M NaOH. 2 – The second thing to do is to place 4 smalls’ test tubes into wells of the 24 well plate. Than place a small amounts of the substances into the tube that needs to be tested in each of the four micro test tube. 3 In the first tube, watch and record color and odorThe next thing lights the burner and grab the test tube with the holder. Next heat the sample by slowly moving it just above the flame. Watch the effect of the substance by the heat. Allow cooling before storing. 4 For the second tube 1. Add enough cold water at least ? about the sample and stir with the rod and watch what happens. Light the burner and grasp the test tube with the holder and heat the sample by slowly moving the tube about the fla me. Use the ? cm of red and blue litmus paper.Allow the solution to cool and stir with the rod and transfer a drop of the solution onto a piece of litmus paper. 5 For the third tube Just add a few pipet drops of HCL to the sample and stir. 6. Fourth test tube- just add a few piped drops of NaOH to the sample. Stir and record 7. Clean up all four test tube and repeat steps 2 through 6. 3. Data Collection: Fill up the table as shown in procedure (12pts. ) |Color |Odor |Effect of heat |Cold H2O |Hot H2O |Litmus Test |Dilute HCL |DiluteNaOH | |Mg |silver |nc | |– |— |– |– |– | |Cu |gold |nc |Dissolves quickly |Dissolves slowly |Slighty cloudy |Blue-white color appears Red -none |– |– | |Zn |silver |none |– |– |– |– |Starts boiling |— | |Mgo |white |none |– |— |– |— |— |White precipate forms | |CuCO3 |gray |gas-like smell |Started dissolving |Starts looking slightly clou dy |Becomes a little darker |Blue formed some white color while red didnt |Boiling, white precipitate increase |Neutralize the solution and is a lot clear | |Cu (NO)3 |blue |Gas-like smell |Started dissolving and boiling |A lighter blue is formed |Becomes a little darker |Blue-formed some redish color while red had no change |Ultraviolent color is formed on the top of the solution |A large substrate has been formed between the two colors. Violent on top and blue on bottom | |NaCl |White |none |Started to dissolved |A tad cloudy |Becomes a little darker |No reaction |No reaction |No reaction | | 4. Attach your picture showing your work on step 4d. The picture should also show the results as appears in the experiment. [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] 5. Result: Write the results of your litmus paper test (2pts. ) The cooper formed a white precipitate. The CuCo3 blue formed some white color while red didn’t.The Cu(NO)3 blue-formed some reddish color while red did not. NaCl had no reactio n. ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 6. Questions: Answer the questions briefly as shown in page 110 (3pts. ) A. Yes I did. I saw heat of combustion in about every chemical I test today. B. The evidence I saw was mainly copper. It had the highest reactivity out of any substance I used. C. Reactivity of any substance with cooper and heat combustion of substrates. D. Physical, physical, physical, and chemical E. physical, chemical, physical, physical , physical , chemical F. I would re heat the solution to give me a physical change.

The Nile River and Nile Delta in Egypt

The Nile River in Egypt is among the longest rivers in the world, running for a length of 6,690 kilometers (4,150 miles), and it drains an area of roughly 2.9 million square kilometers, about 1.1  million square miles. No other region in our world is so dependent on a single water system, especially as it is located in one of our worlds most extensive and severe deserts. More than 90% of the population of Egypt today lives adjacent to and relies directly on the Nile and its delta. Because of ancient Egypts dependence on the Nile, the rivers paleo-climatic history, particularly the changes in the hydro-climate, helped shape the growth of dynastic Egypt and led to the decline of numerous complex societies. Physical Attributes There are three tributaries to the Nile, feeding into the main channel which flows generally northward to empty into the Mediterranean Sea. The Blue and the White Nile join together at Khartoum to create the main Nile channel, and the Atbara River joins the main Nile channel in northern Sudan. The Blue Niles source is Lake Tana; the White Nile is sourced at equatorial Lake Victoria, famously confirmed in the 1870s by David Livingston and Henry Morton Stanley. The Blue and Atbara rivers bring most of the sediment into the river channel and are fed by summer monsoon rains, while the White Nile drains the larger Central African Kenyan Plateau. The Nile Delta is roughly 500 km (310 mi) wide and 800 km (500 mi) long; the coastline as it meets the Mediterranean is 225 km (140 mi) long. The delta is made up mainly of alternating layers of silt and sand, laid down by the Nile over the past 10 thousand years or so. The elevation of the delta ranges from about 18 m (60 ft) above mean sea level at Cairo to around 1 m (3.3 ft) thick or less at the coast. Using the Nile in Antiquity The ancient Egyptians relied on the Nile as their source for reliable or at least predictable water supplies to allow their agricultural and then commercial settlements to develop. In ancient Egypt, the flooding of the Nile was predictable enough for the Egyptians to plan their yearly crops around it. The delta region flooded annually from June to September, as a result of monsoons in Ethiopia. A famine resulted when there was inadequate or surplus flooding. The ancient Egyptians learned partial control of the flood waters of the Nile by means of irrigation. They also wrote hymns to Hapy, the Nile flood god. In addition to being a source of water for their crops, the Nile River was a source of fish and waterfowl, and a major transportation artery linking all of the parts of Egypt, as well as linking Egypt to its neighbors. But the Nile does fluctuate from year to year. From one ancient period to the next, the course of the Nile, the amount of water in its channel, and the amount of silt deposited in the delta varied, bringing abundant harvest or devastating drought. This process continues. Technology and the Nile Egypt was first occupied by humans during the Paleolithic period, and they were undoubtedly affected by the Niles fluctuations. The earliest evidence for technological adaptations of the Nile occurred in the delta region at the end of the Predynastic Period, between about 4000 and 3100 B.C.E., when farmers began building canals. Other innovations include: Predynastic (1st Dynasty 3000–2686 B.C.E.)—Sluice gate construction allowed deliberate flooding and draining of farm fieldsOld Kingdom (3rd Dynasty 2667–2648 B.C.E.)—2/3 of the delta was affected by irrigation worksOld Kingdom (3rd–8th Dynasties 2648–2160 B.C.E.)—Increasing aridification of the region leads to the progressively advanced technology including the building of artificial levees and enlarging and dredging of natural overflow channelsOld Kingdom (6th–8th Dynasties)—Despite the new technologies developed during the Old Kingdom, aridification increased such that there was a 30 year period in which flooding of the delta did not occur, contributing to the end of the Old Kingdom.New Kingdom (18th dynasty, 1550–1292 B.C.E.)—Shadoof technology (so-called Archimedes Screw invented long before Archimedes) first introduced, allowing farmers to plant several crops a yearPtolemaic period (332–30 B.C.E. )—Agricultural intensification increased as population moved into the delta regionArab Conquest (1200–1203 C.E.)—Severe drought conditions led to famine and cannibalism as reported by the Arabic historian Abd al-Latif al-Baghdadi (1162–1231 C.E.) Ancient Descriptions of the Nile From Herodotus, Book II of The Histories: [F]or it was evident to me that the space between the aforesaid mountain-ranges, which lie above the city of Memphis, once was a gulf of the sea,... if it be permitted to compare small things with great; and small these are in comparison, for of the rivers which heaped up the soil in those regions none is worthy to be compared to volume with a single one of the mouths of the Nile, which has five mouths. Also from Herodotus, Book II: If then the stream of the Nile should turn aside into this Arabian gulf, what would hinder that gulf from being filled up with silt as the river continued to flow, at all events within a period of twenty thousand years? From Lucans Pharsalia: Egypt on the west Girt by the trackless Syrtes forces back By sevenfold stream the ocean; rich in glebe And gold and merchandise; and proud of Nile Asks for no rain from heaven. Sources: Castaà ±eda IS, Schouten S, Pà ¤tzold J, Lucassen F, Kasemann S, Kuhlmann H, and Schefuß E. 2016. Hydroclimate variability in the Nile River Basin during the past 28,000 years. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 438:47-56.Krom MD, Stanley JD, Cliff RA, and Woodward JC. 2002. Nile River sediment fluctuations over the past 7000 yr and their key role in sapropel development. Geology 30(1):71-74.Santoro MM, Hassan FA, Wahab MA, Cerveny RS, and Robert C Balling J. 2015. An aggregated climate teleconnection index linked to historical Egyptian famines of the last thousand years. The Holocene 25(5):872-879.Stanley DJ. 1998. Nile Delta in its destruction phase. Journal of Coastal Research 14(3):794-825.